Social Media Has Cause The Security Problem - 855 Words

Even though, college students will build the close relationship with their teachers and more enhancing their engagement with study through using the social media, using social media still exist some unsafely problem to the student. Using the social media will cause the security problem, such as identity thieve will stole college student’s personal information from their social media account and the threaten massage, these two things deeply negative affect their daily life. For instance, Heidi Daitch graduated from the Brandeis University and works as the director IdentityForce website. Daithch wrote an article named the Identity Theft Is On The Rise for College Students. In this article, she mentions that identity thieves covet student’s cleaner credit histories for a long time. As a result, Identity thieves use student’s credit by knowing their personal information to get the credit. They can get the college student’s personal information because college students involuntarily show their personal information in the Facebook, such as their name and birthdate. Identity will easily find student’s security number from their birthdate and name. (Daitch). For avoiding personal information stolen by others, college student should not write down any information about their names, home address and phone number in the social media. Another security problem college student face is the racist threatens by using the social media. For instance, Caitlin Dewey graduated from the SyracuseShow MoreRelatedSocial Media And Its Effects On Society908 Words   |  4 Pagesmight refer to these kind of people as may causes doctors to believe there are physiological issue and within a just a year 540 people are places in institutions have struggled with identification(empty lighthouse). One can argue that the psychological issues stem from other This episode of catfish is just one out of many example of social media hindering a person s life because someone felt the need to act like them.Social medias initial purpose has been lost by people that goes on these websiteRead MoreThe Freedom Of Expression And Privacy Of Citizens1471 Words   |  6 Pagesthat is being questioned is the freedom of expression. The freedom of expression, as freedomhouse.org stated, â€Å"is the right of every individual to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers † (Freedom of Expression). This freedom is described in Article 19 in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The other issue, privacy, is also important. In times of national crisis, freedom of expression and privacyRead MoreInformation Assurance And Security Issues1308 Words   |  6 PagesInformation Security Issues J00496794 Shravya gone Abstract This paper presents the information security risks in daily life. In this paper I will discuss the information assurance risks and discuss each threat by providing asset, threat source, threat cause and provide the countermeasures for each threat. This paper also provides the background of the issues (i.e, literature review) and ends with the conclusion and the future work. Introduction Nowadays information assurance is one of the mostRead MoreA Brief Note On The Aviation And Transportation Security Act1125 Words   |  5 Pagespost September 11, there have been many issues with privacy in regards to the tightening of security. To fix this problem airport security has started to use full body scanners, searching bags, screening and many other things to tighten security. After 9/11. The Aviation and Transportation Security Act was passed, allowing certain privacy laws to be overlooked. With this security upgrade, it poses many security issues. Many citizens feel their privacy is being invaded at airports, while other believeRead MoreTerrorism and Moral Panic in America Essay1650 Words   |  7 PagesSocieties will always have problems that cause some sort of reaction from individuals who believe that their social stability is being endangered. There have been a number of moral panics which have captivated society in terror and more often than not, owing to unfamil iarity. This essay will discuss the perception of a moral panic and will look at the case of the September 11th Terrorist attack against the United States of America, which triggered a colossal conflict of morality within modern dayRead MoreComprehensive Legislation Of Social Media Privacy1559 Words   |  7 Pages Comprehensive Legislation to Protect Social Media Privacy Reading and Writing Workshop II, Section 007 Qiu Jin (Rachel) August 11, 2014 Comprehensive Legislation to Protect Social Media Privacy Abstract The article makes a research on both the present situation of social media users’ privacy, and the work of the FTC and other federal departments to protect social media privacy. However, without a comprehensive legislation in the federal level, the fragmentation of such trial cannotRead MoreSocial Media And The Negative Effects On Teens1292 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Media and the Negative Effects on Teens A study conducted by the Pew Research Center in which they discuss teens and their acts on social media, they state that, â€Å"†¦95% of all teens ages 12-17 are now online and 80% of those online teens are users of social media sites† (Pew Research Center). With there being over seven billion people in the world, just think about how many teenagers there are. Information from these teens is being transferred all over the world through multiple forms of socialRead MoreThe Importance of Cyber Security1093 Words   |  4 Pagesway to not only communicate but send along important Information to one another. The newest and one of the most used, is social media websites, or a website that a profile is created and one can share pictures, thoughts, and message logs. Social media is a great way to keep in touch with friends and family, but because of the increasing use and lack of protection from cyber security, more and more people are becoming victims of cyber bullying, or the teasing and discrimination of others through onlineRead MoreThe United States Invasion Of Privacy1224 Words   |  5 Pageslife on social media. The government has the ability and justification to go through a person’s social media site, listen to phone calls, and read text messages as a way of narrowing down possible suspects for terrorism. The privacy laws in America are what allows the U.S. government to search the digital world for possible threats to the country. Although some say that privacy laws help American citizens keep their confidentiality for medical reasons, also as benefits for social security, I stillRead MoreSocial Media And Current Technology Availability For Children And Young Adults1723 Words   |  7 Pagesbeginning Social media have grown tremendously this past couple years. The number of social media websites has increased from single digit to double digit different sites in the course of 10 years. Facebook, established in 2004, has become a vital part of people’s everyday lives. With this website, there is a â€Å"friend† system, which the users can communicate with each other through messages, comments, posts, or group system. Serving to connect people from around the world, Facebook has become a primary

Impact of Imperialism - 1009 Words

Emily Salomone DBQ Throughout history imperialism has been interpreted from a variety of viewpoints. While it was helpful on some accounts there were also several negative effects. Its positive effects were that the Europeans helped the undeveloped countries to be more civilized by introducing them to technologies and cultures they would have otherwise never known. On the other hand, most natives from these lands viewed it negatively because the whites were taking the land and freewill of the people and abusing them as well. To begin with, those from the nations that were using imperialism saw it in positive light. Imperialism led to many advancements in areas that they would not have normally been abe to produce . For example, O.P.†¦show more content†¦Another example of how the Europeans hurt the inhabitants is in â€Å"An Anthology of West African Verse† by David Diop. To sum up his poem, David explains in detail all of the ways in which ‘the white man’ has hurt his family including killing. In the end he says â€Å"His hands red with black blood The White man turned to me; And in the Conqueror’s voice said, ‘Boy! A chair, a napkin, a drink.† (Doc 5) This really shows how the Africans were being taken advantage of and how in the end the White man only cared about themselves. The man in the poem sees his whole family hurt and then is forced to go and wait upon their killer. It also shows that they knew they weren’t being treated fairly and that th ey didn’t like it. The last example of how Europeans were mistreating the Africans is in the German cartoon entitled â€Å"Thus colonize the English† (Doc 7) It depicts an African being put through a press where he’s being doctored and taught religion and at the end of the press money is coming from him. A German drew it so it shows what people outside of what was going on felt about it as well. It shows that the Europeans were teaching the Africans what they believed but also using them for their own gain. They took advantage of the natives in order to make more money and that is a major negative effect. Throughout history imperialism has been interpreted from a variety of viewpoints. While it was helpful on some accounts there were also some bad effects.Show MoreRelatedImperialism : Motives, Conflict, And Impact1153 Words   |  5 PagesStuti Agrawal DeLuca/Guy H9H Period 3/4 14th April 2015 Imperialism in Africa: Motives, Conflict, and Impact Throughout world history, various countries and kingdoms have strived towards achieving power, territory and control. Many rulers would compete against each other at the expense of their armies and civilian population. The largest empires started small, slowly enlarging by engulfing smaller, weaker empires using religious, ethnical, and political strategies. Simply using the aid of technologicalRead MoreImperialism And Its Impact On Society Essay1425 Words   |  6 PagesResponse 1: Imperialism Gaining complete dominance within a society can be viewed as a lion taking control over its land. These lions can be regarded as a powerful empire, as they live among other preys fighting for supremacy. In History it has been said that â€Å"A nation that did not expand would not survive† (American Passages, 529). Imperialism is a prime example of a group of prey fighting for sovereignty, within this land we come across the lions, otherwise known as the nations who control theRead MoreImperialism And Its Impact On The World Today1367 Words   |  6 PagesImperialism has been one of the most powerful forces in human history, serving to set the foundation of our modern world. While this has led to the formation of a global society where cultures, ideas, and innovations are spread across countries, imperialism has also left a history of exploitation, racism, and violence that is still affecting the world today. Imperial relationships are always imbalanced when it comes to power and influence; that is, one group (known as the metropole) maintains authorityRead MoreImpact of British Imperialism on Malaya1320 Words   |  6 Pagesto spread the Christian faith. There were no unity among the inhabitants in Malaya and this had been seen as an opportunity for British to interfere by installation of a British adviser or Resident. Impact of British Imperialism on Malaya’s Politics Throughout the British Imperialism in Malaya, politics in Malaya during 1948 – 60 periods were very much constrained by the Emergency regulations, which stringently muted freedom of movement, freedom of publications and freedom of speech. ThereforeRead Moreimpact of french imperialism on indochina1032 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The impact of French imperialism on Indochina to 1945 Being an imperialist country, France pursed to increase its power, wealth and influence by gaining authority over other parts in the world. South America and Africa were among the countries the French Empire had owned in addition to Indochina who lost its independence after the war against China, which lasted from 1884-1885. Indochina was a main asset to France, especially in the field of economics and social power between other countriesRead MoreImpact Of The Industrial Revolution On New Imperialism1164 Words   |  5 PagesAllison Miller 12/14/2015 McNally P3 â€Å"White man’s burden† or racism? Topic Choice #1: Analyze the impact of the Industrial Revolution on New Imperialism Imperialism is a policy in which a nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically and socially. The motives are economics, power, influence, social Darwinism, racism, religious, and humanitarian. The Industrial revolution started when new technologies were able to revolutionize how people live, work, interact, and governRead MoreThe Impact Of Cultural Imperialism And De-Westernization935 Words   |  4 PagesPresentation report The topic of the presentation is Cultural imperialism and de-westernization. The term cultural imperialism can be defined as broad cultural effects of imperialism including colonialism, but more recently, it tends to have the imperialistic impact of global capitalism. Cultural imperialism is recognized as a kind of form of the Western hegemony in which a way of cultural power to dominate other national cultures throughout the world that is not only through the entertainment butRead MoreThe Impact Of British Imperialism On Modern India1244 Words   |  5 Pagesinquiry is to analyze to what extent did British Imperialism have an effect on shaping modern India? The main source that will be discussed in this paper is the seventh book of the Spotlight on History Series called The British Raj, which explains the reasons behind the conflicts between the British Empire and Indian nationalism and assess the achievements of a memorable relationship. The whole notion behind imperialism, more often than not, is regarded as a negativeRead MoreThe Impact of Imperialism on the Third World Essay651 Words   |  3 PagesThe Impact of Imperialism on the Third World The term imperialism carries with it many (perhaps rightfully attributed) negative connotations: slavery, subjugation, genocide, et cetera. Websters Unabridged Dictionary defines it as: The policyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ of seekingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the extension of the control, dominion, or empire of a nation, as by the acquirement of new, especially distant, territory or dependencies. Now one knows what it literally is and what it may entail, and thusRead MoreImpact Of Imperialism On The Middle East, Africa, And Asia1287 Words   |  6 PagesImperialism is defined as a policy of extending a country s power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Countries during the Industrial Revolution wanted to imperialize due to social, political, and economic reasons. As early as the mid 1800’s, the European countries craved the idea of power and conquering new lands in order to obtain resources/raw materials. They took over Africa, the Ottoman Empire, India, and Southeast Asia due to this as well as for their convenient location. They

Frank Mccourt Angela’s Ashes Free Essays

In this hard world where winning is more important than participating you would sometimes almost forget to be generous from time to time. But when I read Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt I got a completely different view on generosity and the importance of it. This memoir is about the miserable Irish Catholic childhood of the writer. We will write a custom essay sample on Frank Mccourt: Angela’s Ashes or any similar topic only for you Order Now And I think that after this essay you will see that acts of generosity can make the lives of the poor better and that those people afterwards can also help other poor people. Firstly, it were rough times for the McCourt family. Dad -Malachy- was drinking the dole, the family lived in a bad house and children kept dying. The only way the McCourt’s could keep their heads above water was getting help from others. One thing that helped them in their struggle for survival was the St. Vincent the Paul Society. On page 79 they get help for the first time. I quote â€Å"The man in the middle says he’s giving Mam a docket to get a week’s groceries at McGrath’s shop on Parnell Street. There will be tea, sugar, flour, milk, butter and a separate docket for a bag of coal from Sutton’s coal yard on the Dock road. In my opinion this is generous because I think that generosity means to help someone without gaining profit from it yourself and the St. Vincent de Paul Society doesn’t get anything back for this. That this gift of the St. Vincent de Paul Society is very helpful for the McCourt’s is confirmed by this â€Å"Mam wipes her face at the back of her sleeve and takes the docket. She tells the men, God bless you for your kindness†(page 79). Even though they get some support from the St. Vincent de Paul Society the McCourt family didn’t have enough to be very happy or to not have hunger. Therefore it is very good that others also helped the family sometimes. Another gift that I found generous was that some shopkeepers also gave food to the family for free. â€Å"A few shopkeepers give bread, potatoes, tins of beans†¦ † (page 90). This, in my opinion, is very generous because those shops are there to make profit and handing out food isn’t profitable for them at all. It’s however very helpful for the McCourt’s. Further on in the book you can also read that Angela could also get credit at Kathleen O’Connell’s shop. Mam says she can now pay off the few pounds that she owes at Kathleen O’Connell’s shop†¦ † (page 133). Of course you could say this isn’t real generosity because Mam has to pay the money back, but I think it is quite generous to give credit to a family that doesn’t have a steady income. Secondly, when Frank is a little older –at the age when he can start working- you can discover a different kind of generosity. The kind of generosity that is more like giving a fishing rod instead of a fish. The first time when you will encounter this type of generosity is when Aunt Aggie buys the new clothes for Frank for his job as a telegram boy. â€Å"She takes me to Roche’s Stores and buys me a shirt, a gansey, a pair of short pants, two pairs of stockings and a pair of summer shoes on sale. She gives me two shillings to have tea and a bun for my birthday. She gets on the bus to go back up O’Connell Street too fat and lazy to walk. Fat and lazy, no son of her own, and still she buys me the clothes for my new job† (page 392). I think this is generosity because he now has a suit in which he of course will make a better impression at his new job and he can start making money of his own. In my interpretation Frank appreciated this gift very much because he even cries from happiness â€Å"I turn towards Arthur’s Quay with the package of new clothes under my arm and I have to stand at the edge of the River Shannon so that the whole world won’t see the tears of a man the day he’s fourteen† (page 392). Then after a while he gets fired because he has to deliver a telegram to Mr. Harrington, but he gets falsely accused for stealing ham and sherry. Because of a generous deed of the parish priest he gets his job back. â€Å"She gets a letter from the parish priest. Take the boy back, says the parish priest. Oh, yes father, indeed, says the post office† (page 416). Then when he delivers a telegram to Mrs. Brigid Finucane she asked Frank if he can write letters to her costumers to give her back the money she had leant them. This job yielded him some extra money, so his trip to America came closer and closer. She says, I’ll give you threepence for every letter you write and another threepence if it brings a payment† (page 418). I think it’s very generous from Mrs. Finucane to give this job because it brings Frank closer to his target, going to America. Because of all these acts of generosity towards the McCourt’s and especially Frank McCourt they aren’t the poorest of the poorest. Because they aren’t you can discover some acts of generosity from Frank himself. One generous gesture by him was that he gave his raisin away. I wanted the raisin for myself but I saw Paddy Clohessy standing in the corner with no shoes and the room was freezing and he was shivering like a dog that had been kicked and I always felt sad over kicked dogs so I walked over and gave Paddy the raisin† (page 148). I think it’s very generous to give your food away to someone that has it even worse than you even if you don’t have much yourself. The quote says that Paddy has no shoes. Without acts of generosity towards Frank he probably wouldn’t have them either, so he would have probably eaten the raisin himself. Something else happens much later in the book and that is that Frank throws Mrs. Finucanes’ ledger in the Shannon. This means that a lot of people don’t have to pay her back. †Aunt Aggie’s name is in the ledger. She owes nine pounds. It might have the money she spent on my clothes a long time ago but now she’ll never have to pay it because I heave the ledger into the river† In my opinion this is a very clear act of generosity because he helps a lot of poor people with this. This is maybe a bit like Robin Hood even. Finally, now we have had a look at how acts of generosity changes the course of events and of lives I think we can conclude that generosity can really change the life of some people. Wouldn’t the McCourt family have died from starvation without generosity? Would Frank McCourt have ever gone to America without generosity? Would Frank have ever been generous to others without generosity from others? I would answer no on all these questions. I also think that generosity leads to more generosity. I hope you will understand this when you look at the last paragraph, because Frank is generous because others have been generous to him. How to cite Frank Mccourt: Angela’s Ashes, Papers

Carter Cleaning Company free essay sample

Disparate impact as stated on pg. 25 means, â€Å"an employer engages in an employment practice or policy that has a greater adverse impact [effect] on the members of a protected group under Title VII than on other employees, regardless of intent. † An example, is requiring a college degree for a job would have an effect on some if not most minority groups because they can’t provide degrees since they’re from different countries and know little English too. Since the new merger of the CRA 1991, it makes it easier to sue for money damages about intentional discrimination but have to provide that the employer is acting in discrimination to those individuals’ rights. Yes Carter Cleaning is covered by equal rights legislation even though they carry a handful of employees. It is due to the state and local laws are that cover these employers even when not covered by federal legislation. Local governments also spread protections to those not covered by legal legislation such as to the young community and those older than age 40. We will write a custom essay sample on Carter Cleaning Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Othello Vs. Omkara free essay sample

When someone mentions Bollywood, the mind quickly thinks of a film where the plot is based on love triangles and romance which often ends happily ever after. This thought is accompanied with characters singing and dancing in authentic traditional costumes, like the sari (a costume for women), in an attempt to highlight a situation or mood more. Watching Bollywood is like watching recorded cultural dance shows because of how well cultural aspects are embedded in each routine. In Bollywood films, love is usually the driving force of each plot, so it is interesting to watch a film like Vishal Bhardwaj’s Omkara, an adaptation of William Shakespeare’s Othello, and see how it uses love of a politician to the love of a military hero. Omkara sets in a conservative Indian Society which is more contemporary than that of the play Othello which was set in a Venetian society between 1500 and 1750. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello Vs. Omkara or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though the settings differ by years and culture, the director of the film, Vishal Bhardwaj, managed to include the backbone of the story. This includes the themes revenge, deception, and love. The only obvious difference between the play and the movie is the characterization of the characters. The major one being Omkara (Othello) not being a moor. Through an analytic comparison between the play and the movie based on the plot and the characterization of Omkara reveals that Omkara successfully transforms a Venetian society-based play into one that an Indian society could enjoy, understand and relate to without removing the essence William Shakespeare. The beginning of the movie differs greatly from the play. In the play, the plot begins with Iago planning a revenge on Othello for choosing Cassio over Iago for a promotion. On the other hand, the introduction of the movie is stretched and is longer than that of the play where it jumps straight into Iago’s plans. The movie begins with an arrange marriage which was eventually between Raju, a character who represents Shakespeare’s Roderigo, and Dolly, a character who represents Desdemona, which was disrupted because of Dolly’s love towards Omkara. The scene where Dolly’s commitment with Omkara is revealed is when Dolly runs from her home in her way to go to Omkara. The second revelation of this is when, Raju accuses Omkara for forcefully taking Dolly, but Dolly responds by saying that it was her who wanted to be with Omkara. The introduction is further prolonged with the scene of Omkara’s rise of political power and where he chooses Kesu over Langdu as his successor. It was after this scene where Langdu’s plan against Omkara is revealed for denying this long-waited promotion. Though prolonged, the movie brings in the theme of revenge which becomes the driving force of both the movie and the play. Without â€Å"revenge† the movie would have lost the essence of William Shakespeare. The introduction was not the only difference of the plot. Another difference, but more minor, is that in the beginning of the play, Othello is already married to Desdemona, while in the movie, Omkara marries Dolly after his promotion. To me, this was done because marriages are important in the Indian society and also to add to the plot by showing that the love between Omkara and Dolly was official. This also showed the giving of the heirloom to Dolly, a gift of high importance and the gift that was used to deceive Omkara. In the movie the heirloom was the handkerchief of William Shakespeare’s play. Throughout the movie Omkara’s evolution as a character parallels with Othello. In the beginning of the movie, Omkara is a man with great honor for himself and shows his love for Dolly. After Iago initiates his plan, we start to question Omkara’s ability to trust. In one scene Langdu takes advantage of Kesu because he cannot handle his alcohol. So Langdu makes him drink to the point where Kesu becomes irresponsible. Omkara is given the news of Kesu’s irresponsibility and scolds Kesu, the man who he appointed as his successor. Being away so often, Omkara is not able to watch over his friends and his family and therefore he relies on advices from Langdu; like Iago, Omkara trusts in his advices and his word. Langdu uses this to his advantage as he can easily manipulate each story and quickly cause problems for Omkara. Omkara is seen as the typical possessive man of the society and one that trusts his acquaintances more than his wife. Omkara begins to show his distrust for Dolly when Langdu tells him that Dolly and Kesu had been having an affair during Omkara’s absence. Omkara sees for himself that the heirloom was in the possession of Kesu, a set-up of Langdu, which enrages him enough to eventually kill Dolly. Once Omkara has killed Dolly, he is told that it was Langdu who devised such plan, he kills himself because of guilt. Omkara was not capable of handling the situation just like Othello. Which means, in both the movie and the play this character was a victim of his own distrust towards the people who care about them most. A clear contradiction for soldiers and political officials whose qualities are based on trust. In the play, this was more understanding because Othello was a soldier, a man who was clearly unfit to love. The movie ended the way Shakespeare would have ended it, with a tragic death of the main character along with the death of others. The plot was clearly studied by the producer and so was the characters, but the most interesting aspect of the movie is how it incorporated Indian culture. From arranged marriages to the heirloom, the movie stayed in the realms of the Indian Society.

The Diet of Worms 1521, Luther and the Emperor

The Diet of Worms 1521, Luther and the Emperor When Martin Luther fell into disagreement with the Catholic hierarchy in 1517, he wasn’t simply arrested and carted to a stake (as some views of the medieval period might make you believe). There was plenty of theological discussion which soon turned into temporal, political and cultural considerations. One key part of this disagreement, which would become the Reformation and see the western church permanently split, came at the Diet of Worms in 1521. Here, an argument over theology (which still could have resulted in someone’s death), was fully turned into a secular conflict over laws, rights and political power, a vast pan-European milestone in how government and society worked, as well as how the church prayed and worshipped. What’s a Diet? Diet is a Latin term, and you might be more familiar with a different language: Reichstag. The Diet of the Holy Roman Empire was a legislature, a proto-parliament, which had limited powers but which met frequently and did affect law in the empire. When we refer to the Diet of Worms, we don’t mean a Diet that met uniquely in the city of Worms in 1521, but a system of government which was established and which, in 1521, turned its eye to the conflict Luther had begun. Luther Lights the Fire In 1517 many people were unhappy with the way the Latin Christian Church was run in Europe, and one of those was a lecturer and theologian called Martin Luther. Whereas other opponents of the church had made grand claims and rebellions, in 1517 Luther drew up a list of points for discussion, his 95 Theses, and sent them to friends and key figures. Luther wasn’t trying to break the church or start a war, which was what would happen. He was reacting to Dominican friar called Johann Tetzel selling indulgences, meaning someone could pay to have their sins forgiven. The key figures Luther sent his theses too included the Archbishop of Mainz, who Luther asked to stop Tetzel. He might also have nailed them up in public.Luther wanted an academic discussion and he wanted Tetzel stopped. What he got was a revolution. The theses proved popular enough for them to be spread around Germany and beyond by interested and / or angered thinkers, some of whom supported Luther and convinced him to write more in support of them. Some were unhappy, like Archbishop Albert of Mainz, who asked if the papacy would decide if Luther was in the wrong†¦The war of words began, and Luther battled by developing his ideas into a brave new theology at odds with the past, what would be Protestantism. Luther is Defended by Secular Power By mid 1518 the Papacy had summoned Luther to Rome to question him, and probably punish him, and this is where things began to get complex. Elector Frederick III of Saxony, a man who helped choose the Holy Roman Emperor and a figure of great power, felt he had to defend Luther, not because of any agreement with the theology, but because he was a prince, Luther was his subject, and the Pope was claiming clashing powers. Frederick arranged for Luther to avoid Rome, and instead go to the Diet meeting in Augsburg. The papacy, not normally one to concede to secular figures, needed Frederick’s support in picking the next emperor and in helping a military expedition against the Ottomans, and agreed. At Augsburg, Luther was interrogated by Cardinal Cajetan, a Dominican and a clever and well-read supporter of the church.   Luther and Cajetan argued, and after three days Cajetan issued an ultimatum; Luther returned quickly to his home of Wittenberg, because Cajetan had been sent by th e Pope with orders to arrest the trouble maker if necessary. The Papacy weren’t giving an inch, and in November 1518 issued a bull clarifying the rules on indulgences and saying Luther was wrong. Luther agreed to stop it. Luther is Pulled Back The debate was about far more than Luther now, and theologians carried on his arguments, until Luther just had to return and he ended up taking part in a public debate in June 1519 with Andreas Carlstadt against Johann Eck. Driven by Eck’s conclusions, and after several committees analysing Luther’s writings, the Papacy decided to declare Luther heretical and excommunicate him over 41 sentences. Luther has sixty days to recant; instead he wrote more and burned the bull.Normally the secular authorities would arrest and execute Luther. But the timing was perfect for something else to happen, as the new Emperor, Charles V, had pledged all his subjects should have proper legal hearings, while the papal documents were far from ordered and water tight, including blaming Luther for someone else’s writing. As such, it was proposed Luther should appear before the Diet of Works. The Papal representatives were aghast at this challenge to their power, Charles V tended to agr ee, but the situation in Germany meant Charles dare not upset the men of the Diet, who were adamant they should play their role, or the peasants. Luther was saved from immediate death by a struggle over secular power, and Luther was asked to appear in 1521. The Diet of Worms 1521 Luther made his first appearance on April 17th 1521. Having been asked to accept that the books he’d been accused of writing were his (which he did so), he was asked to reject their conclusions. He asked for time to think, and the next day conceded only that his writing might have used wrong words, saying that the subject and the conclusions were genuine and he stuck by them. Luther now discussed the situation with Frederick, and with a man working for the Emperor, but no one could make him recant over even one of the 41 statements the Papacy condemned him for.Luther left on April 26th, with the Diet still afraid condemning Luther would cause a rebellion. However, Charles signed an edict against Luther when he had gathered some support from those who remained, declared Luther and his supporters illegal, and ordered the writings burned. But Charles had calculated wrongly. The leaders of the empire who hadn’t been at the Diet, or who had already left, argued the edict did n’t have their support. Luther is Kidnapped. Sort of. As Luther fled back home, he was fake-kidnapped. He was actually taken to safety by troops working for Frederick, and he hid in Wartburg Castle for many months converting the New Testament into German. When he came out of hiding it was into a Germany where the Edict of Worms had failed, where many secular rulers acknowledged the support of Luther and his descendants were too strong to crush. Consequences of the Diet of Worms The Diet and the Edict had transformed the crisis from a theological, religious dispute into a political, legal and cultural one. Now it was princes and lords arguing over their rights as much as the finer points of church law. Luther would need to argue for many more years, his followers would divide the continent, and Charles V would retire exhausted by the world, but Worms ensured that the conflict was multi-dimensional, vastly harder to solve.   Luther was a hero to everyone who opposed the emperor, religious or not. Soon after Worms, the peasants would rebel in the German Peasant’s War, the conflict the princes had been keen to avoid, and these rebels would see Luther as a champion, on their side. Germany itself would divide into Lutheran and Catholic provinces, and later in the history of the Reformation Germany would be torn apart by the multi-faceted Thirty Years War, where secular issues would be no less important in complicating what was happening. In one sense Wor ms was a failure, as the Edict failed to stop the church dividing, in others it was a great success that has been said to have led to the modern world.

Descartes and Certainty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Descartes and Certainty - Essay Example Descartes opens himself to the possibility of rejecting the beliefs he has adopted early in life without proof down to the ones that lay foundation on his belief system. Descartes starts off by questioning his physical and spiritual existence. He checks for the veracity of his possessing a body and soul. His doubts escalate to the properties of objects such as dimension, color, quantity, and the place and time during which they exist. Afterwards and quite quickly, Descartes jumps into the subject of the existence of God, which also appears in a separate meditation - Meditation III. One may ask, "Why does Descartes' questioning on the existence of God appear so early in Meditation I" After attempting to prove his existence, Descartes tries to prove the existence of God or what he refers to as Deity. To him the ability to prove God's existence is the most significant goal the failure of which implied inability to prove everything else. This is how important the goal is to him. To a believer like Descartes, conceiving of ideas and existence of other things is only possible with God. It seems impossible to comprehend a world without a God. The existence of God simplifies the laws of nature, and answers the questions as to why the universe behaves the way it does. From his writings, it is clear that Descartes believes in God. Meditation II gives us a clearer view of Descartes' "I think therefore I am." Note that in Meditation I, Descartes' doubts concerning life, the universe and everything are strengthened by the contemplation of an "omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent" God being a deceiver. In many of his musings, Descartes bumps into skepticism but rejected it right away. At length, Descartes goes about his uncertainties and contradicts them to be able to get to his desired answer. He talks about intuition of the mind arguing that objects and bodies should be perceived not by the senses or imagination but by the intellect alone. Meditation III reveals Descartes advancing in his method of finding truth by forming a basis of certainty - the clear and distinct. To quote: "In this first knowledge, doubtless, there is nothing that gives me assurance of its truth except the clear and distinct perception of what I affirm". By "clear and distinct" he refers to objects that were not only perceived by his senses and ideas that formed in his mind but also objects whose existence was external to him. Despite this, Descartes cannot help doubting. As he progresses towards certainty, a new question forms in his mind and the process becomes circular. Descartes answers his metaphysical doubt by proving that God exists and is not a deceiver. Once he has proven the existence of God then everything else will follow. He treats the existence of God in the context of the existence of the material world. He uses wax as an example - extending it, melting it and so on and applies the same process of thought with God or Deity, for that matter. How ever little that metaphysical doubt, it has to be eliminated in order to witness the certainty of the existence of things. Descartes has to convince us that God or the evil genius has not merely enticed him into thinking that something can't emerge from nothing. Descartes attempts to make his point by dealing with contradictions. He uses

Social Security Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Security Program - Essay Example Both the States and the Federal Government had started to distinguish that certain dangers in an inexorably industrialized economy could best be met through a social protection methodology to open welfare. That is, the contributory financing of social protection projects might guarantee that security was accessible as a matter of great with an open assistance approach whereby just those persons in need might be qualified for profits. In the United States, as in most streamlined nations, social protection first started with specialists remuneration (Mathews, 2014). A Federal law coating non military person workers of the Government in risky employments was received in 1908, and the first State recompense law to be held sacred was ordered in 1911. By 1929, specialists compensation laws were basically in everything except four States. These laws made industry answerable for the expenses of remunerating specialists. Advancement of U.S. programs has been logical and incremental, formulate d because of particular issues, and portrayed by an incredible level of decentralization (Livingston, 2008). The Office of the Chief Actuary (OCACT) arranges and coordinates a system of actuarial gauges and examines relating to the SSA-managed retirement, survivors and handicap protection programs and supplemental security pay program and to anticipated changes in these projects. Evaluates operations of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund; gauges future operations of the trust stores; behaviors investigations of project financing; performs actuarial and demographic research on social protection and related system issues; and appraisals future workloads. Provides specialized and consultative administrations to the Commissioner, the Board of Trustees of those two Trust

Epidemiological Research Article Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Epidemiological Research Article - Assignment Example Strotmeyer et al research article that is based on an epidemiological study. This research was carried out to describe retention by age and visit type with a view to determine the characteristics associated with visit types in a longitudinal study among older adults (Strotmeyer et al, 2010). The article will be critiqued against the basic principles governing epidemiology and biostatistics to determine whether the components of its research design supports the research question. Direct health-care providers and epidemiologists differ in their approach to who constitutes a patient. This is despite the fact that all of them are concerned with the occurrence and subsequent control of a disease (CDC, 2012). Biostatisticians are concerned with general health of the inhabitants of a community or area while Clinicians are interested in the health of the individual (CDC, 2004). Biostatistically therefore this study has succeeded in identifying its patient subjects. The sample of this cardiovascular health study was 5888 persons aged between 65-102 years irrespective of their individual health status (Strotmeyer, et al, 2010). Both the clinician and epidemiologist would be interested in diagnosing the correct type of cardiovascular disease that the patient is suffering from (CDC, 2012). The point of departure which this study succeeds in doing is that it seeks to establish how age affects long term retention of participants in a cardiovascular health study. It also aimed at determining characteristics of visit types for a longitudinal epidemiological study of older adults (Strotmeyer et al, 2010). The choice of population in this study will influence the application of the findings of this study in other settings. The research question is contained in the abstract party of this research paper. The question presents a statement of purpose because it clearly states what is actually being investigated (Thompson Writing Program, 2014). The purpose of this

Observations Of Operations Management Albert David Pharmaceutical Production Business Essay

Observations Of Operations Management Albert David Pharmaceutical Production Business Essay Albert david is a pharmaceutical manufacturing unit that deals in the manufacturing of various products such as tablets which have gelatin and syringes and intervaneous fluids . the company operates in various parts of the Indian subcontinent that includes Kolkata Ghaziabad and Bhopal. In The operations management project for albert david the main focus will be on the unit in Ghaziabad near the capital of india new delhi. A close look at the operation management process will be closely paid attention towards.the existing sytem, the site plan its advantages and disadvantages will be kept in mind will evaluating the operations management process of the company as big as albert david. The recommendations will be based on the observations that will come across through research and will be concluded by defining the operationmnagement process of the firm in total. Introduction Albert david is a pharmeucitical firm that is based in Kolkata . it is based in the eastern part of the Indian sub continent and has been one of the best Pharma companies in the asian market. In the current fiscal year the company has made a staggering sales turnover of 123 crores and has been ranked at 29th in the Indian market where there are more then 25000 paharmaceutical companies are competing. The company operates in various pats of the country involved in various manufacturing processes such as. Various pharmaceutical formulations and bulk drugs in the manufacturing unit in Kolkata . The infusion and oral solids at the Ghaziabad manufacturing unit. The Bangalore unit deals with the manufacturing of syringes and needles. The products are exported to russiazaire Haiti ,Egypt,Vietnam usa,Netherlands and uk. The manufacturing units are equipped with the best technology and equipments from allover the world there are more the 130,000 retail outlets and a team of 300highly trained pharmacy scientists. The Manufacturing Unit In Ghaziabad The manufacturing unit in Ghaziabad was founded in 1981 and has a totala area of 20785.00 sq. mtrs. The total covered area is 7367.28 sqmtrs. The company introduced various products from Ghaziabad unit they introduced soft gelatin capsules and the hard geklatin capsules in 1988 . they introduced amino acid intravenous in corporation with the world famous ajino mo co. inc japan. Site Layout Plan Of Albert David Background Of the project For years and years medicines have played a significant role in the evolution of the human life. They provide effective and critical benefits to the patients. The procurement of the pharmaceuticals is a very important component of the medicine management in todayà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s business environment specially when the supply chain provides the critical linkage between the patients and the medicine. The effectiveness of a supply chain is very important in this sector as it wioll make sure that the people will get the right amount of medicines at the time when they require it. An effective supply chain shell be integrated in the medical system. The medical industry is such in india that they assumed other things more important then an effective supply chain due to which reason the the specific supply chain project was launched in india in 2001 to ensure effective supply chain and supply chain management. In the last two years the complaints from the northern region specifically the places near Ghaziabad have increased drastically and the main reason that is coming out is supply chain of the organization. The medicines are not being supplied effectively and the hospitals are getting some medicines in bulk and some not at all. Is it possible that it is because of an ineefective management procedure due to which there is a big mismatch of demand and supply and because of which the whole salers are ot happy. The healthcare system is getting more omplex day by day the demand for medicines has gone up in the past 2 years and is increasing. The manufacturing on the other hand of these medicines has not increased at all and is causing troubles in the supply chain. Inspite of being situated in the industrial area a large number of the the required supplies of medicine is coming from adjoining regions of the country. In order for albert david to ensure effective supply and generous profits the y have to make sure that they capitalize on the current need of the marketà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s demand. Mergers acquisitions and expansion is one of the main objectives of the organisationin almost every 24 months a expansion plan is inititated to ensure the growt of the firm and gain access to more assets nd manufacturing nits. A major expansion and implementation of a private limited company is on the cards within next three monthsthe ae also expecting large expansion plans in septemeber this year . the organization has been dong mergers and acquisitions in the past to ensure growth and is like a trend in te organization. Objectives of the Study As a part of the the analysis of the operation management process there has to be a first hand understanding of the various processes in the pharmeceuticalindustry . The objectives are as follows-: Understand the process involved in the manufacturing of the antibiotics. Understand and analyse the process involved in the production of glucose and saline solutions. To analyse the contribution made by the information systems involved in order to attain operational efficiencies. To understand the functioning of different types of machines and their integration with the help of the latest acquired PLC technology. Suggesting recommendations in roderto improc=ve the operations models. Scope of study There was very limited information in order to understand the operational efficieny of the company as they have not really put I n a lot of information over the internet. The scope of primary research is not possible in this context as cost is a constraint. As the firm in the picture is an pharmaceutical organization it needs to be kept in mind that they do not put much of their information over the internet as the research projects are the secret projects. However the names of the machines and and their manufacturing process could be obtained. Given the understanding of the subject operations management I have tried my level best in order to develop an overall understanding of the operationl process involved in the organization. Methodology The information used is mainly through the medium of internet and learning from various books and journals. Existing System The hierarchy of Albert David can be broadly divided in to three levels. The top managerial group is having executives who makes the decisions about the policies tat are concerned about finance, research and marketing. The industrial production manager is the other managerial worker. Finance manager will take care of the finance department and will control the daily financial activities. The marketing manager will take care of the marketing related issues of the company which involves distribution and the marketing of the finished products to distributors, various wholesalers and direct customers that are the local hospitals. Research manager deals with the quality control and their testing related activities. Albert David is not having a Research Development department because the research about the constituents of the drugs and compositions is done in its headquarters which is located in Kolkata. The production manager takes care of production department and will take the responsi bility of delivering the ordered products within the time. Mergers acquisitions and expansion is one of the main objectives of the organisationin almost every 24 months a expansion plan is inititated to ensure the growt of the firm and gain access to more assets nd manufacturing nits. A major expansion and implementation of a private limited company is on the cards within next three monthsthe ae also expecting large expansion plans in septemeber this year . the organization has been dong mergers and acquisitions in the past to ensure growth and is like a trend in te organization. The office and the administration employees will include the administrative assistants, general office clerks, secretaries and records keeping personnel that belong to payroll, sales, raw materials and shipments. Wholesalers, distributors and sales distributors will describe the products osthe company to pharmacists, health service administrators and physicians. These three sources act as a communication channel between their clients and the company. The majority of the plant workers comes under one of the two occupational groups. Production workers operates the drug producing equipment, install, inspect , maintain and repair the production equipment. The transportation and material moving workers are responsible for package and transportation of the drugs. The workers who come under the assemblers, fabricators and production occupations will perform the assembling jobs that are being assigned to their teams. Different tasks are rotated among themselves rather than training on a single task. The decision of assigning the work that is to be assigned and how they are performed is completely flexible. The effectiveness of a supply chain is very important in this sector as it wioll make sure that the people will get the right amount of medicines at the time when they require it. An effective supply chain shell be integrated in the medical system. The medical industry is such in india that they assumed other things more important then an effective supply chain due to which reason the the specific supply chain project was launched in india in 2001 to ensure effective supply chain and supply chain management. The other workers in the manufacturing unit specialize in the certain parts of manufacturing process . such as chemical processing, the setting up of machine setter, machine controllers different sorts of glucose . . various types of manufacturing techniques are used and every worker has been given specific job in order for the manufacturing process to be very specific and qualitative. In order to take care of the quality process there are various supervisors and quality inspectors who keepan eye on the process and measure the quality and control the operational process so that the product is not compromisedin terms of quality. In the RO plant the workers who operate the machines alsoi have the basic job of maintaining pressure and controlling the flow of the of the filtered water towards the final processingunit in order to keep the quality of thematerial suitable for medicinal and pharmaceutical use. The inspectors take crae of the quality process in the best possible way for examp le the inspectors who examine ampoule check it for discolouration and alien particles in the consistency. . after the drugs are prepared and inspected they are bottled or otherwise packaged by filling machine operators and tenders. The quality inspectors are involved in every process and take good care of the process so that it is not compensated in terms of quality of the product.they also monitor the packaging, assembling and cleaning and maintainence of the product and equipments to ensure maximum control on the product manufacturing and ensuring it is taken out of the manufacturing plant safely. Role Of IT Information technology has become an integral part of the business environment and imagining the business without the information technology The constant upgrade in information technology, along with increasing global competition, is adding difficulty and hesitation of several orders of scale to the business and trade. One of the most widely discussed areas in recent business literature is that of new organizational network structures that hold survival and growth in an environment of growing complexity. various types of manufacturing techniques are used and every worker has been given specific job in order for the manufacturing process to be very specific and qualitative. In order to take care of the quality process there are various supervisors and quality inspectors who keepan eye on the process and measure the quality and control the operational process so that the product is not compromisedin terms of quality. In the RO plant the workers who operate the machines alsoi have the basic job of maintaining pressure and controlling the flow of the of the filtered water towards the final processingunit in order to keep the quality of thematerial suitable for medicinal and pharmaceutical use. The inspectors take crae of the quality process in the best possible way for example the inspectors who examine ampoule check it for discolouration and alien particles in the consistency. . after the drugs are prepared and inspected they are bottled or otherwise packaged by filling machine Effective implementation of information technology would decrease liability by reducing the cost of expected failures and increase flexibility by reducing the cost of adjustment. The businesses reaction to the environment remains to be the vital determinant for its effectiveness. The capabilities and flexibilities of computer-communication systems make them gradually more appropriate to businesses by being able to respond to any specific information or communication requirement. Information Technology is having impact on all trade industries and businesses, in service as well as in manufacturing. It is affecting workers at all levels of organizations, from the executives to middle management and clerks. Information technology is increasingly becoming a basic factor of all types of technologies such as craft, engineering, routine, and non-routine. The advances in Information Technology would result in remarkable decline in the costs of synchronization that would lead to new, concentrated business structures. It enables the business to respond to the new and urgent competitive forces by providing effective management of interdependence. In the near future businesses would be facing a lack and a redundancy of information called information glut. To solve the information-glut companies will need to introduce methods for selective thinning out of information. Improvements in telecommunications will make it easier to control business units dispersed over different parts of the world. Advances in telecommunications, would result in increased distance-communication. Indirect communication would be preferred for well-structured information for routine, preprogrammed and decision processes. The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry today is in the front rank of Indiaà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s science-based industries with wide ranging capabilities in the complex field of drug manufacture and technology. A highly organized sector, the Indian Pharma Industry is estimated to be worth $ 4.5 billion, growing at about 8 to 9 percent annually. It ranks very high in the third world, in terms of technology, quality and range of medicines manufactured. From simple headache pills to sophisticated antibiotics and complex cardiac compounds, almost every type of medicine is now made indigenously. Playing a key role in promoting and sustaining development in the vital field of medicines, Indian Pharma Industry boasts of quality producers and many units approved by regulatory authorities in USA and UK. International companies associated with this sector have stimulated, assisted and spearheaded this dynamic development in the past 53 years and helped to put India on the pharmaceutical map of the world. The Indian Pharmaceutical sector is highly fragmented with more than 20,000 registered units. It has expanded drastically in the last two decades. The leading 250 pharmaceutical companies control 70% of the market with market leader holding nearly 7% of the market share. It is an extremely fragmented market with severe price competition and government price control. The pharmaceutical industry in India meets around 70% of the countrys demand for bulk drugs, drug intermediates, pharmaceutical formulations, chemicals, tablets, capsules, orals and injectibles. There are about 250 large units and about 8000 Small Scale Units, which form the core of the pharmaceutical industry in India (including 5 Central Public Sector Units). These units produce the complete range of pharmaceutical formulations, i.e., medicines ready for consumption by patients and about 350 bulk drugs, i.e., chemicals having therapeutic value and used for production of pharmaceutical formulations. Working conditions The working conditions of the employees are very important in the organization and the health and safety supervisora take good care of that process In the last two years the complaints from the northern region specifically the places near Ghaziabad have increased drastically and the main reason that is coming out is supply chain of the organization. The medicines are not being supplied effectively and the hospitals are getting some medicines in bulk and some not at all. Is it possible that it is because of an ineefective management procedure due to which there is a big mismatch of demand and supply and because of which the whole salers are ot happy. The healthcare system is getting more omplex day by day the demand for medicines has gone up in the past 2 years and is increasing. The manufacturing on the other hand of these medicines has not increased at all and is causing troubles in the supply chain. Inspite of being situated in the industrial area a large number of the the required supplies of medicine is coming from adjoining regions of the country. In order for albert david to ensure effective supply and generous profits the y have to make sure that they capitalize on the current need of the marketà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s demand. Mergers acquisitions and expansion is one of the main objectives of the organisationin almost every 24 months a expansion plan is inititated to ensure the growt of the firm and gain access to more assets nd manufacturing nits. A major expansion and implementation of a private limited company is on the cards within next three monthsthe ae also expecting large expansion plans in septemeber this year . the organization has been dong mergers and acquisitions in the past to ensure growth and is like a trend in the organization. there are various processe which are used in the organistion in order to achieve maximum operational efficiency . Production process- in this process the main concern is on quality and is done for very restricted medicines that need to be made specially on order as they have specific requirements . such a process makes the position of the companies operational managers a bit complex as not only they have to take care of the organizational process ut also the specific processes. Table manufacturing process- this process is mainly used through dispencing in order to do most of the mixing of the liquids and powders by hand . they are done by mixing scoops of the ingredients and then reforming the structure in order to ensure exclusivity of the product. Mull Station Machine Process- multi station machine (rotary press).The tablet press is a high-speed mechanical device. It squeezes the ingredients into the required tablet shape with extreme precision. It can make the tablet in many shapes, although they are usually round or oval. Also, it can press the name of the manufacturer or the product Conclusion To conclude the assignement it can be stated that the process used in albert david is a process that is efficient and is very much likely to prove a good quality management system. The operational managers in the organization have shown suitable performance rates by setting up the standard operating procedures which are very useful for the organizations growth. The transformation process of the organization is better then a lot of other organizations in india as they have shown suitable profits in the last 2 years specially in the times of recession. The organizational hierarchy is better and is proving to be really good as they introduced the PLC methodology which divides the processes into smaller processe and pyraminds which in turnare better as they have a better sop(standard operating procedures). The situation is better as the process is longer but is effective. Operations management in the organization now is more effective and the fact that the orgamnisation is a trans nation al company and through its various plants in india is sending a lot of products to various countries makes it even more better. Recommendations

The Kingdom Of God Essay -- Religion Theology Christian Christianity e

Pearl gates, marble stairs and a throne of gold, or an inner area in the hidden depths of our own soul? Which can describe the true kingdom of God, a real physical world or a place that is only seen in ones hearts. Some would say it to be a place above man, built by God to be a home for peoples' souls after death. Others might say that it is no more than a place inside us that can only be reached through the right decisions and acts of kindness. A place that is not seen or discussed but only felt in a way that is incomparable to any feeling ever felt by the living. Yet while people retain their own images of the Kingdom of God the Bible itself gives a subtle definition through a series of parables or short stories, told by Jesus in order to pass along the message of who is God and what is the kingdom of heaven. Jesus, through his sayings and parables showed that the kingdom was being revealed in his own life and work. He preached his message of the coming of the kingdom through memorable stories, which in his day could and did relate to things of everyday life. Though most of Jesus' followers didn't recognize the kingdom till after his death it was still brought to them by the Holy Spirit with a full understanding of his word and actions. Yet it was evidently difficult for them to understand before his death due to the previous ideas of the kingdom as a whole. Like many people of today those in Jesus' time viewed Gods' kingdom as a place above them yet unlike people today thought more literal terms actually believing that God was above them and was looking down on them. Even now, when in prayer, one may have a tendency to look up at the heaven in reverence since next to God it is the most endless, unexplainable thing in the world. Yet people are still able to know that as they look up they see God just the same as if they shut their eyes in prayer were to the people of Jesus' time God was seen as truly sitting above them in his kingdom in which only those who follow the laws exactly would ever see.To truly understand the kingdom of God people have to have ways to describe it. One type of description used is the Kingdom as the redemptive or saving presents of God. By this one would say that the kingdom is seen through the natural love, kindness, and common curtsy people show each other ever day. Through these acts Gods redemptive prussic an d the grow... ...temptations arise, so many chance to fall into greed and hatred yet to resist everyday, to say no to the things we want so bad but will only mean trouble for us is and always has been the real challenge. So maybe I don't do great deeds or save the world from evil but I can save myself from it, I can chose not to do wrong and I can certainly take those small steps closer to the kingdom god has waiting for me to find. I feel that right now in my life I am a "Kingdom person." God and I have our disagreements at times but all-in-all I do all I know how to do to be the best person I can be. I don't always go out of my way to help those who may like it but I will give my life to help any one who needs it. So as a person of God I feel that right now I am a "Kingdom person."The Kingdom of God is a place yet not a place. It is here but not yet. It is to be found and looks to find us. And no matter who you are or what you believe the kingdom is, if one lives right, follows their heart and does as all men were given the right to do, which is chose God, what ever they feel is the utmost beauty of Gods creations. For it is one's faith that will lead him and what he has faith in he'll find.

Edgar Allan Poe Research Paper Essay

Best known for his poems and short fiction. Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most famous American poets. He deserves most credit for short suspenseful mysteries and he perfected the area of horror stories. He wrote many famous poems like â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"The Bells†. Poe was a genius and very meticulous in his stories every clue had to fit and that’s why he didn’t make a lot of short stories but a small collection of great short stories. He was born in Boston on January 19, 1809. Both of his parents were touring actors; both died before Poe even reached three years old. A rich merchant named Mr. Allan in Richmond, Virginia took Poe in. His childhood was uneventful although he attended the University of Virginia in 1826 for only a year. Even thought he was a good student he ran up a large gambling dept that Allan refused to pay. This prevented his return to the university and broke-off his engagement to Sarah Elmira Royster, his Richmond sweetheart. Having no way to support himself he enlisted in the army. He had already written and printed (at his own expense) his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827). Allan secured Poe’s release from the army and his appointment to West Point but refused to give him money. After 6 months Poe apparently got kicked out of West Point for disobedience. His friends, however, gave money to him for the publication of Poems by Edgar A. Poe †¦Second Edition (1831), actually a third edition–after Tamerlane and Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems (1829). This book contained the famous â€Å"To Helen† and â€Å"Israfel,† poems that show the restraint and the calculated musical effects of language that was characterizing his poetry. Poe next lived in Baltimore with his widowed aunt, Maria Clemm, and her daughter, Virginia, and turned to fiction as a way to support himself. In 1832 the Philadelphia Saturday Courier published five of his stories all comic or satiric. In 1833, â€Å"MS. Found in a Bottle† won a $50 prize from the â€Å"Baltimore Saturday Visitor†. Poe, his aunt, and Virginia moved to Richmond in 1835 and he became editor of the Southern Literary Messenger and married Virginia, who was not even 14 years old. Poe wrote fiction, his most horrifying tale, â€Å"Berenice,† in the Southern Literary Messenger, but most of his contributions were serious and critical reviews that earned him respect as a critic. He praised the young Dickens and devoted most of his attention to devastating reviews of popular contemporary authors. His contributions increased the magazine’s circulation, but they offended its owner, who didn’t like Poe’s drinking. The January 1837 issue of the Southern Literary Messenger announced Poe’s that Poe will stop to be the editor but also included the first part of his long fiction tale, â€Å"The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym†, five of his reviews, and two of his poems. This was going to be the strange pattern for Poe’s career: success as an artist and editor but failure to satisfy his employers and to secure a quite, stable life. First in New York City (1837), then in Philadelphia (1838-44), and again in New York (1844-49), Poe tried to establish himself as a force in literary journalism, but with only slow success. He did succeed, however, in creating influential literary theories and in showing mastery of the forms he favored – musical poems and short fictional narratives. Both forms, he argued, should aim at â€Å"a certain unique or single effect.† His theory of short fiction is best exemplified in â€Å"Ligeia† (1838), the tale Poe considered his finest, and â€Å"The Fall Of The House Of Usher† (1839), which was to become one of his most famous stories. â€Å"The Murders in the Rue Morgue† (1841) is sometimes considered the first detective story. The â€Å"The Raven† (1845) and â€Å"The Bells† (1849) are good example of musical poems. Virginia’s death in January 1847 was a heavy blow, but Poe continued to write and lecture. In the summer of 1849 he revisited Richmond, lectured, and was proposed to the fiancee he had lost in 1826, she accepted that. After his return north he was found unconscious on a Baltimore street. In a brief obituary the Baltimore Clipper reported that Poe had died of â€Å"congestion of the brain.†

Kent State essays

Kent State essays In trying to unravel what happened at Kent State on May 4, 1970, we must determine whether or not the National Guard faced a serious danger from the student crowd. Kent State suffered a big tragedy in May 4th, 1970. Four students were killed and 9 were injured cause of a confrontation between the National Guard and a group of students. The National Guard had great advantage because they had powerful weapons and the students had none except for rocks It is more than obvious that the National Guard did not face serious danger at any moment. It was impossible for them to get hurt or harmed in any way by rocks when they were about 100 yards away. The following is part of a statement made by General Robert Canterbury, Assistant Adjutant General of the Ohio National Guard; "...I felt that, in view of the extreme danger to the troops at this point, that they were justified in firing." In this person's point of view the firing was justified but a member of the National Guard that was also th ere contradicts his statement. "No, I didn't think they'd try to take our rifles, not while we could use the bayonets and butts...The guys have been saying that we got to get together and stick to the same story, that it was our lives or them, a matter of survival. I told them I would tell the truth and couldn't get in trouble that way." Even though most people were on the National Guard's side it is more than clear that the firing can't be justified. There's many other ways, which they could have used to control the crowd. Innocent people died and many other were hurt, both physically and emotionally. ...

Tips For Writing an A Grade Marketing Essay

Tips For Writing an A Grade Marketing Essay Marketing Essay Paper: Writing a Unique Essay For you to craft a good marketing essay, you should be conversant with both the subject you are to discuss and discipline it is categorized under. Below are the aspects that you should consider while writing your marketing essay: Basic rules Before you write about marketing, make sure that you know the general purpose of the discipline. It is referred to as a complete study through analysis of the wide range of market segments in relation to the potential financial profit they offer.   A compelling marketing essay should begin with a good thesis statement. Choose the topic you are to discuss and decide on the particulars that will be addressed in your paper. You should, however, know that this is the first step of many you will encounter as you craft your marketing essay. Even though you may have good ideas that concern the topic of discussion, they will not make clear sense without support from credible facts and data. This requires you to conduct a lot of research and narrowing your topic down. Do keep in mind that a marketing essay is no different than any other essay and it will require you to structure it in an engaging manner. Both writing skill and the collective information given are vital towards the crafting of an impressive essay. Structure your work within pre-established frameworks In most cases, you will be working on a topic that has already been covered by different students. The use of the pre-established framework will ease your work greatly.   One of the best ways to conduct your research is by placing focus on operating companies and thoroughly evaluating their products and marketing strategies. This will help you in the crafting of your thesis statement and provide substantial insight into operational marketing and business strategies. When crafting your essay, focus on making it more practical than just giving theoretical information. For the next research stage, gather enough information from credible sources that will support your point of view and ideas that are to be expressed. The number of sources to use will depend on the topic of discussion you are handling and just in case you need clarification, consult your professor about it. Use the guideline given to direct the sources you are to use. It does not mean that the more the sources, the more the quality of the work. Quality depends on how you express your ideas and correctly back them up with supporting arguments from a credible source. You should be limited to one new source for each page you write. While in the process of choosing the sources to use, have in mind that blogs and Wikipedia pages do not count are reliable academic sources. Try using the Google scholar instead to get your sources and information you require. Always search for the latest information concerning your subject and mostly source your work from articles published by well-known universities or colleges. Newspapers, magazines and academic books still serve as reliable sources of information. Make sure you interpret and analyze used sources to make your management essay more sufficient and worth a good grade. The sources you find and plan to use will give you a better insight into the topic you are to handle.   This should make you craft a persuasive thesis statement for your essay. Your paper will be built based on your thesis statement, as you will see when you progress to the main body of your work. Before embarking on writing your management, first structure the outline that you will use to place your logical flow of ideas. Ideally, think of it as the plan for your essay. You should just write down the main points in an understandable manner. This will help you maintain focus as you write, thus reducing the chances of you getting a writer’s block as you work on the management essay paper. Factual evidence is the basis for a good idea you express. Make sure that while presenting your ideas, you back up with facts, statistics or any other relevant data that will hold its credibility to place. Relate each point to the present real-world business sector. It is also advisable to add case study examples. They will help you explain your main idea (thesis) broadly. Incorporate marketing case studies to your essay Case studies are important in ensuring you understand how the topic you are discussing relates to the present day business environment. You can also use it to start your introduction. This will provide you a chance to be straight forward to the reader as you will highlight the meaning of your research and its relevance. After you have crafted your introduction, shift your attention to the configuring of your body paragraphs. At this point keep in mind that each paragraph you begin should describe and explain a different idea from the one expressed in the previous paragraph. A topic sentence is an added advantage since it summarizes what the reader is to expect while going through a particular body paragraph. After you have put across your ideas and supported them with relevant arguments, move to the conclusion part of your essay. You should highlight the conclusion you have arrived at for each idea presented. Avoid leaving any questions unanswered or introducing new information. Keep in mind that a good conclusion gives ground to expressing the practical importance of the management essay. Revise your marketing essay Don’t revise your work just after finishing writing the essay. You are bound to skip sections that require editing of errors that might affect your final grades on the paper. Give yourself like two days before you embark on this task. Ensure that all ideas have been addressed and backed up with arguments that hold value to your main point of view. After completing this, you can now proofread your work again and resolve any grammatical, spelling, or punctuation errors. Pay attention to the academic format required Your marketing essay should comply with all the standard rules for academic writing, with formatting as an integral part of it. Use the specifications given by your professor to comply with the formatting styles (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.). Make sure you maintain consistency of the formats all through your paper. That sums up the information you need to know about marketing essay writing. 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Taking Care of the Elderly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words - 1

Taking Care of the Elderly - Essay Example Moreover, this sets the foundation for recognition and appreciation of the role of the elderly in society. This can come from the fact that was it not for the elderly, we would be nowhere in society being as they gave birth to us. Â  The case study is majorly about the elderly in society. Writing a reflective account on the same creates a basis for understanding the major issues that these people go through. It is important to understand that one of the contemporary issues regarding the elderly is the creation of elderly nursing homes. These homes are important from the fact that many people currently live very fast lives and are always up and working. This often has the people beyond 60 years lacking someone to take care of them at that age (Aveyard, 2007, 62). Â  This has had people investing in nursing homes to take care of the elderly. This assists their kids in that they have a less burden when it comes to taking care of these people. One organization, in particular, is The Good Care Group in East London. This has assisted people of the province to multitask and get alternative means of income generation. It is important to review the running of this organization in an attempt to gain the entire scope of the manner through which it is run (Carnwell, 2009, 114). Â  The organization was established back in the year 2006. A section of business people came together and decided to start the organization seeing as people of that community were undergoing a lot of suffering, spending the days at home and not having anything reasonable to do. Without anything to do, the elderly used to remain unattended to at home. However, after the mentioned strategies outlined by the business people, the elderly of London finally got an establishment that they would rest and receive the quality and quantity care that they deserve in their fragile age (Cowan, 2009, 108).

The Castle of Otranto Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Castle of Otranto - Essay Example However, at some point she could also be seen as one who deliberately chose to be blind to her unreciprocated feelings toward her husband and has thus fooled herself to believing that Manfred simply did not like her to worry about difficult situations. For instance, it has been expected that when Conrad died, the family members should be the ones gathering together to comfort each other. Hippolita was very worried about her husband so she sent her daughter to his side but she was driven away. Instead, Conrad’s fiancà ©e, Isabella, was summoned and without any inkling, Hippolita sent the young princess to her husband and never thought ill of her husband. The above-mentioned attitude of Hippolita may be understandable at such an emotional moment however her character is questioned at a time when she is able to think more clearly about her family’s affairs. When Manfred suggested that Matilda should be married to Prince Frederic, the woman later learned of the evil plans of the prince. Everything fell into place as she learned that Manfred had plans of divorcing her as â€Å"the recollection of Manfred’s late ambiguous discourses confirmed what she heard† (p. 79). Nevertheless, instead of trying to save her marriage or her daughter from a future she did not like to live, Hippolita used all her influence on her daughter to give in to the desires of her father. It is this event that puts into question how Hippolita claims to feel toward her daughter especially when she learns that Matilda is in love with the young Theodore. For a modern individual, it is quite difficult to comprehend a doting mother to let her child suffer a long-term relationship that can rob her daughter of the happiness she should experience with the man she loves. Having herself experienced a difficult life with her husband, Hippolita should be the first to understand and foresee what Matilda

Catholiicism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Catholiicism - Assignment Example Another form of modern religious discrimination is generalization of traits, where an isolated case of irresponsibility is used to judge an entire religion. An example can be given of the child abuse scandal committed by catholic priests that was used to express disapproval of the entire Catholic Church and its teachings (Taylor 1). This case demonstrated that despite the tremendous efforts made by both the government and the various religious groups in the country, religious discrimination remains prevalent and there is need for increased efforts to sensitize people on the implications this form of discrimination has on the peaceful coexistence of communities. Although I have not experienced discrimination because of my religious beliefs, there remains a possibility of it happening. However, I plan to use the chance positively, to sensitize the other party on the importance of accommodating the beliefs of others even when those beliefs contradict with ours. It is only through continuous education that sustainable interventions on eradicating religious discrimination will be achieved. Taylor, Pamela. Catholics More Likely to Face Ethnic Bias than Religious Discrimination. Onfaith, 16 March 2007. Web. 18 Sept. 2014.

Ryanair â€Southwest of European airlines Essay Example for Free

Ryanair –Southwest of European airlines Essay The objective of my report is to analyze the external environment in Ryanair-Southwest of European airlines case, which is very important factor for the firms formulated effective strategy. The external environment consists of a wide array of economic and sociopolitical factors. It is the specific market arenas that the organization has chosen in its strategy; it provides the business opportunities to the firm and its also a source of threats or forces that may impede the successful implementation of a strategy. Macro-environmental Analysis (PEST factors affecting Ryanair Airlines)To analyze the macro environment, I will use the PEST analysis, which refers to political, economic, social and technical factors that confront Ryanair airlines. This analysis provides a no exhaustive list of potential influences of the environment on the organization. Each of the forces is categorized by a particular macro-level external influence, which directly impacts strategic direction at Ryanair. The political environment can have a significant influence on businesses as well as affect consumer confidence and business spending. The political environment is one of major advantages to Raynair, as the majority of its operations are contained within Europe. This region maintains political stability, thus Ryanair does not experience issues with governmental instability in Europe as a concern regarding passenger volumes or flight destinations. Political factors in our case are:-Irish government policy from September, 1989. This policy were known as two airline policy valid for three years and was directed at benefiting both Irish carriers Aer Lingus and Ryanair. The new policy ruled that the two major Irish airlines will not compete on any international route and they both had to have separate routes-European Union deregulation of the airline businesses from 1997; set up a number of low-cost airlines offering no-frills services. This deregulation enabled Ryanair to open new routes to continental Europe. -European Union expansion enabled the company to expand its business to new countries in Europe. Other very important factors that have near- and long-term effects on the success of companys strategy are the economic forces. They include inflation rates, tariffs, the growth of the local and foreign national economies, exchange rates, as well as unemployment rates. Economic factors include:-Economically- stable European Union market provided Ryanair with significant value in the form of higher volumes of consumers. -Increasing oil prices inflated the costs of fuel and impacted profit margins-At the same time people in Europe are willing to travel more for lower price and this was option for low-budget airlines like Ryanair. -European Union deleted duty-free on intra- European Union countries, and this new taxation policy affected Ryanair in loss of revenue, increased landing charges and increased the number of flight attendants. The social and cultural influences of business vary from country to country. Social cultural factors in Ryanair case include:-Increasing of the peoples mobility in Europe, where good transportation is essential for every European citizen and it was a great opportunity for Ryanair to expand its business. -Personal disposable income of people in Europe was rising which increased travelling lifestyles and business travelling. -People in Europe travel for leisure, business, and searching for new jobs, as well as the number of senior citizens who were enjoy travelling. -Travelling low cost has become a norm on European market. Technology is vital for competitive advantage and is a major driver of globalization. Technological factors have a major effect on the threats and opportunities firms encounter and in Ryanair case they are:-A new trend in European airline industry which was website establishment. Airlines set up websites through which they sell tickets and other ancillary products and services such as car rentals and travel insurances. This led to cost  decreases and to greater reach to customers. With creation of its website, Ryanair saved on cost and increased its revenue (no agent commission costs, but good advertising income). -The improvement of technology aid European airline industry development and competition. -Airlines provided satellite TV and phone services on board as well as broadband Internet and thus enhance value to customers. -Information systems allowed airlines collect data about passengers, cost, and prices as well as ensure better service when boarding and handling luggage. Industry Analysis: The effect of the Five Forces of Industry Competition on Ryanair. The five forces were identified by Michael Porter as the industry Five-Forces model. This is a framework for evaluating industry structure according to the effects of rivalry, thread of entry, supplier power, buyer power, and the thread of substitutes. Rivalry is the intensity of competition within an industry. The European airline industry is highly intense; market is highly competitive. Passengers have choices to switch to another mainstream (KLM, or British Airways) or low-cost budget airlines (EasyJet), because there is a low level of switching costs. The airline industry, therefore, is highly competitive and barely attractive. At the same time, the low-budget sector is in a more favorable situation due to greater traffic and customer affection. This sector is more attractive, as entry costs, as well as bargaining power of both passengers and suppliers are lower. Most cost advantages can be copied immediately, but if any company does decide to compete on the same basis as Ryanair there will be heavy pressure on prices, margins, and hence on profitability. In this industry there is not much differentiation between services and price in the main differentiating factor. Threat of new entry is the degree to which new competitors can enter an industry and intensity rivalry. There are difficulties to enter European airline industry, since high initial investment and fixed costs. High barriers to enter suggest that only early entrants such as Ryanair could succeed. There has been much industry shake-out and many airlines left the market. There are high entry costs due to the necessity to buy expensive aircraft and equipment, to pay high airport fees, and to advertise massively. In addition to some of the barriers to entry I would like to include restricted slot availability which makes it more difficult for airline companies to find suitable airports, the needs for low-cost base and flight authorizations. The threat of substitutes is the degree to which products of one industry can satisfy the same demand as those of another. In Ryanair case the degree for subsidies is in medium to high level. By this I mean that the European airline industry as a whole faced a lot of pressure. There was a high internal industry competition, encountered by other travel industries such as- cars, ferries, and high-speed trains in Europe (especially on short-haul routes are posing an increasingly serious threat). Supplier power is the degree to which firms in the supply industry are able to dictate terms to contracts and thereby extract some of the profit that would otherwise be available to competitors in the focal industry. The bargaining power of suppliers is rather low because there are four major aircraft manufacturer (Boeing, Airbus, Bombardier and Embraer), which gives options for Ryanair to choose if decide to switch suppliers. But the switching costs from one supplier to the other would be high, because all mechanics, engineers and pilots have to be retrained. Boeing is Ryanairs main supplier and has an interest in co-operation with Ryanair because of stability of orders and high volume of outsourced services. Ryanair also proved its high bargaining power with aircraft suppliers (Boeing) by getting favourable contracts. Price of aviation fuel is directly related to the cost of oil and Ryanair controls it through hedging and future contracts. Also, the regional airports have low bargaining power as they are heavily  dependant on only one airline- Ryanair. Major bigger airports, where Ryanairs competitors operate, have greater bargaining power, and Ryanairs policy is to avoid these airports as much as possible. Buyer power is the degree to which firms in the buying industry are able to dictate terms on purchase agreements that extract some of the profit that would otherwise go to competitors in the focal industry. The bargaining power of customers in our case is from low to medium. If Ryanair increase its prices, the customers are price sensitive and they could switch to another airline relatively simple, with no high costs, because all airlines have internet web sites through which they sell services. The volume of the passengers traffic is great that airlines can afford not to satisfy all customers at all times. Even if a lot of passengers are not satisfied with customer care of Ryanair, companys profits continue to rise. Customers know about the cost of supplying the service and the trade off between the price and quality of service. Analysis of Opportunities and ThreatsOpportunities and threats are factors which contribute to the success or failure of achieving the organizations mission, and which are outside of the organizations direct control. Ryanairs opportunities are:-Expansion of the European Union would bring larger population base and larger transportation needs. There would be more new destinations open up and Ryanair could launch new routes. -Potential to capture market share, where low-cost carriers market share could double. -Advanced technologies could improve Ryanair service, as well as there would be possibilities of expanding aircraft. -Benefits from less exposure to geopolitical risks as Ryanair operates only in Europe. -Economic slowdown helps Ryanair, because customers replace traditional mainstream carriers as they seek lower fares. Threats for Ryanair are:-Ryanairs fuel costs depend on the oil market. The cost of fuel is increasing, due to oil prices raise globally. This affects companys speed development and earning ability; Ryanair operating expense has increased. -Increasing low fare competition on the market and limited economic growth on the South and East European markets. -Customers, as I already mentioned are very price sensitive and also regional airports gain bargaining power for second round. -Increase in air traffic control charges as more planes fly in the sky. -Weak employees relationships cause less production efficiency and effectiveness. It may waste Ryanair resources and capabilities. -The high salaries the company pays for its pilots and flight attendants would increase Ryanair operating cost. Resources: Fottrell, Quentin. The Rise and Rise of Ryanair, June 6, 2004, www.thepost.iePorter, M.E. (1979) How competitive forces shape strategy, March/April, 1979, Harvard Business Review. Channon, Derek. (1997). The Blackwell Encyclopedic Dictionary of Strategic Management. , July, 1997, Oxford, Blackwell Publishers. Carpenter, M.A. and Sanders, W.G. Strategic Management: A Dynamic Perspective Concepts and Cases, 2nd edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009Thompson, J. L. (1997) Strategic Management. International Thompson Press: London. Delfmann, W., Baum, H., Auerbach, S., Albers, S. Strategic Management in the Aviation Industry, September 30, 2005, Kolner Wissenschaftsverlag, Koln, Germany.

The Traditional Interpretation Refuted :: Philosophy Literature Papers

The Traditional Interpretation Refuted The psychology of Aristotle has never been understood in a historically correct way. A new interpretation of the De anima will be proposed in which this work can be seen as compatible with the psychology that can be reconstructed from the fragments of Aristotle's lost dialogues and the De motu animalium and other biological works (in which the notions of pneuma and 'vital heat' play a crucial role) and the doxographical data gathered from ancient writers besides the commentators. In De anima, II, 412b5, where psychà ¨ is defined as 'the first entelecheia of a natural body that is organikon,' the words 'natural body' should not be taken to mean 'the body of a living plant, animal or human being' but to stand for 'elementary body.' And the qualification 'organikon' should not be understood as 'equipped with organs' (as it always has) but in the sense of 'serving as an instrument to the soul.' This 'instrumental body' that is inseparably connected with the soul is the seat of desire (o rexis), which physically influences the parts of the visible body. Besides those two corrections there are the words ta merà ¨ in 412b18 that should be taken as meaning not 'parts of the body' but 'parts of the soul.' Aristotle is arguing there that even those parts of the soul that are not yet actualized in the embryo of a new living being can be said to be 'not without body.' Do we really know Aristotle's psychology? This question may sound strange at first, since we have a famous book by Aristotle which is called On the soul and we possess quite a bit of information about a lost dialogue, the Eudemus, which was also subtitled On the soul. Yet I propose to argue that Aristotle's psychology has remained unknown up till now. And this is because since the third century AD the text of his extant work De anima has been interpreted in a way that runs completely counter to Aristotle's intentions. What has been held to be Aristotle's psychology is the result of the interpretation of his work put forward by Alexander of Aphrodisias in the third century AD.(1) The situation is comparable with the imaginary situation that Plato's oeuvre had been lost except for his Parmenides and that we only possessed the information of Plotinus for a reconstruction of Plato's thought. To make a convincing case for this revolutionary theory, I will argue three propositions.